Since the morning of July 24, 2025, reports have emerged of a Cambodian army attack into Thai territory, resulting in civilian casualties and injuries, followed by retaliation from the Thai army. A substantial amount of information has been shared and disseminated across online social media platforms. Cofact has verified a portion of this information, identifying both true and false content, as detailed below:

Fact-check result: TRUE 

Summary: On July 24, 2025, at 11:19 AM, a Facebook user posted a clip showing plumes of smoke rising from the PTT gas station in Ban Phue, Kantharalak District, Si Sa Ket Province, attributing the damage to the Thai-Cambodian border clash. Cofact verified this through media reports and the 2nd Army Area Facebook page, confirming the clip depicts a real incident. The 2nd Army Area posted the clip at 11:29 AM, stating that a BM21 shell had struck the PTT station in Ban Phue, causing numerous injuries.

Note: The affected PTT gas station is situated at the boundary between the Ban Phue and Ban Nam Yen areas. Consequently, local residents refer to it by both names, although Google Maps identifies it as Ban Nam Yen.

Fact-check result: TRUE 

Summary: On July 24, 2025, at 12:09 PM, the Facebook page “แนวหน้า มั่นคง” (naewna mankhong) posted a clip showing soldiers seeking cover in a building with visible smoke plumes outside. The accompanying caption described the incident as a BM-21 shell striking the front area of Phanom Dong Rak Hospital, Phanom Dong Rak District, Surin Province.

Cofact verified this information with the Surin Provincial Public Health Office, whose officials confirmed that shells from the Thai-Cambodian border clash had indeed impacted the hospital area. Management was reportedly convening to summarize the incident and determine necessary measures. A Cofact network partner, who is a hospital staff member, provided additional information, confirming that a mortar shell hit the Buddha statue base in front of the hospital, and soldiers sustained shrapnel injuries.

Additionally, the Ministry of Public Health Facebook page posted at 9:34 AM, stating, “Due to the clash at Prasat Ta Muen Thom, health service facilities initiated emergency response plans, with Phanom Dong Rak Hospital having evacuated all patients.” The health news website Hfocus reported Health Minister Somsak Thepsutin’s statement that 19 patients were transferred from the 30-bed Phanom Dong Rak Hospital to other hospitals and another 19 discharged to their homes.

Fact-check result: MISINFORMATION – STOP SHARING

Summary: On July 24, 2025, at 12:54 PM, a Facebook user posted a video clip showing aircraft dropping bombs, with the caption, “Breaking! F-16 drops bombs on 2 Cambodian command headquarters, devastating them after they fired artillery at Thai homes…”

Cofact verified this by conducting a Google Reverse Image Search on video frames and determined that this clip has been circulating online for many years, predating the current Thai-Cambodian military clash. This clip has been widely shared on Arabic-language social media accounts, falsely claimed to depict various events such as India-Pakistan conflicts and bombings in Sudan.

However, Cofact could not verify the actual event depicted in this clip, its original location, or whether it constitutes AI-generated content.

Fact-check result: DISINFORMATION 

Summary: On the afternoon of July 24, 2025, a TikTok user posted a video clip of students running away and screaming in panic and fear, accompanied by the caption “Khmer invaded and are chasing and shooting college students in the area.”

Cofact verified the student uniforms in the clip and identified them as belonging to Sangkha Vocational College, Sangkha District, Surin Province. Upon contacting the college, officials confirmed that no incident of Cambodians entering and causing disruption occurred as claimed in the clip. The footage shows students panicking from gunfire sounds that morning and running for shelter.

Officials additionally informed Cofact that the college ordered a closure from July 24 to August 1, 2025, due to the unrest along the Thai-Cambodian border that could affect the safety of students, teachers, and staff.

Fact-check result: MISINFORMATION – This is a clip of football fans rioting in Indonesia

Summary: On July 24, 2025, at 6:17 PM, a Facebook user posted a video showing crowds attempting to push through gates and throwing objects at officials, with a caption claiming hundreds of thousands of Khmer people were demonstrating to oust Samdech Hun Sen, Senate President and former Prime Minister of Cambodia.

This clip was previously used with the same false claim in early June 2025. Cofact and AFP Fact Check verified that this clip was posted on TikTok on May 26, 2025, with the original poster identifying it as an incident at Gelora Bandung Lautan Api Stadium in Bandung, Indonesia. Local news reports stated that Persib Bandung football fans without tickets attempted to breach gates to watch a championship match between two local teams on May 24, 2025.

Fact-check result: MISINFORMATION – STOP SHARING

Summary: On the morning of July 25, 2025, the Facebook page “Army Military Force – สำรอง” (Army Military Force – Backup) posted a message stating, “Breaking! At 9:25 AM, Thai soldiers successfully seized the Preah Vihear Temple area and Wat Kaew Sikkhakhiri Sawara that once belonged to Thailand…” This was subsequently reported by Sorrayuth Suthasanajinda on the “กรรมกรข่าว คุยนอกจอ” (News Worker, Off-Screen Chat) program broadcast on YouTube.

At 10:30 AM, the Royal Thai Army clarified that the content was untrue, posting on its Royal Thai Army Facebook page that it was “fake news, don’t believe it.”

Despite the Army’s denial and the original page deleting the content, Cofact found that the false information continued to be widely shared on TikTok, with some posts using clips edited from the “กรรมกรข่าว คุยนอกจอ” program for distribution.

Fact-check result: DISINFORMATION 

Summary: On July 25, 2025, several TikTok users posted video clips of a man lowering the Cambodian flag from a flagpole. Some posts identified the location as Nong Nooch Garden, Sattahip District, Chonburi Province. Certain posts described this act as “Various agencies and organizations lowering the Cambodian flag from poles in ASEAN country flag groups” as a symbol of Thailand permanently severing relations with Cambodia.

Cofact contacted Nong Nooch Garden, and staff confirmed that the clip shows the international flagpole group in front of the Nong Nooch Pattaya International Convention Center, but the widely shared clip of the Cambodian flag being lowered did not originate from Nong Nooch’s official social media accounts. Management is currently investigating the incident, the recording, and its distribution.

Cofact further verified with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, whose officials confirmed that the government has not issued any order regarding flag lowering. Flag lowering for Thai and ASEAN flags is governed by laws and regulations, such as lowering flags for mourning, and Thai authorities have never issued orders concerning other countries’ flags.

Fact-check result: DISINFORMATION CONTENT – This is a clip from the ceremony presenting a Thai costume to the Manneken Pis statue in Brussels on July 7, 2025

Summary: On July 25, 2025, several TikTok and Facebook users posted video clips featuring the Thai national anthem, claiming that Brussels residents were playing the Thai national anthem to express encouragement to the Thai people during the conflict with Cambodia. Some clips were shared over 30,000 times. Cofact verified the video clip and determined it was footage of a user recording the ceremony presenting the “Shoot the Rabbit, Pick the Flower” costume to the Manneken Pis statue in central Brussels, which had been shared on social media since early July 2025. 

The Facebook page of the Royal Thai Embassy in Brussels posted photos and an account of the atmosphere from the Thai costume presentation ceremony held on July 7, 2025, stating “…there was a procession to present the costume to Manneken Pis, with the honor of having the Royal Belgian Customs Department brass band perform the honored songs including the Thai national anthem, Belgian national anthem, and Maha Ruek song at Grand Place before the procession among crowds of people and tourists who came to watch.” They also shared a clip of the brass band playing the Thai national anthem, which closely resembles the clip falsely claimed to be playing the national anthem to encourage Thai people.

Cofact Thailand extends its condolences for the unrest that occurred at the Thai-Cambodian border, which has resulted in loss of life and affected the well-being of people in the border areas. We encourage all parties to resolve this situation peacefully and safely.

• Please exercise discretion in receiving and sharing information.
• Avoid sharing messages, images, and clips that may cause misunderstanding.
• Always verify information from reliable sources.
• Help fact-check information in both online and offline communities.

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